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Heart-related diseases are the most common cause of death due to any disease in the world. According to an estimate, in 2019, about 18 million people died due to heart-related diseases and out of this, about 85 percent of people die due to heart attacks. In 2020, about 7 lakh people died due to heart-related diseases in America itself, this means that out of every 5 deaths, 1 cause of death is some heart problem.
Cardiovascular disease kills 1 person in every 34 seconds in the United States.
Almost all heart diseases can be prevented if bad habits are identified such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet, less physical activity, and alcohol use.
It is very important that heart-related diseases are identified at the beginning itself so that their treatment becomes easy and possible.
also seen that there has been an increase in heart-related diseases all over the world and the youth is also getting affected.
So today let’s talk about some of the main heart diseases due to which your heart gets in danger.
Although many reasons affect the heart, these 4 diseases are the most important and by understanding their causes, and symptoms, we can reduce the risk of Cardiovascular disease.
- Coronary artery disease
- Cardiomyopathy
- Valvular heart disease
- Angina pain
So let’s talk about all these diseases in very simple language. What is it, why does it happen and what is its treatment?
Coronary artery disease
It is the most common among heart-related diseases and only due to this, about 380000 people died in 2020. And its risk is seen in people, who are 20 years or more.
Coronary artery disease means blockage in the veins that affect the supply of blood to the heart.
- The main reason for this is diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which high blood sugar damages the nerves of the heart and blockage is seen in the nerves.
- Another reason is hypertension and high blood pressure. Due to high blood pressure, blockage occurs in the veins of the heart, which increases the risk of a heart attack.
- The third main reason is smoking and tobacco.
- The fourth reason is genetic, that is, the history of this disease in the family.
- The fifth reason is cholesterol, high cholesterol can cause blockage in the veins of the heart.
Symptoms
Symptoms of coronary artery disease are a pain in the middle of the chest, heaviness, pain in the opposite shoulder, increased discomfort while walking, palpitations, or shortness of breath.
treatment
If pain is felt then a coronary angiography is done at that time. This is a kind of spell X-ray in which it is known, how many and what kind of blockages are there in the addicts. Upon detection of the disease, coronary angioplasty or bypass surgery is also performed.
Cardiomyopathy
In this, damage to the layer of the muscles of the heart, due to which the pumping capacity of the heart decreases.
There are some types of cardiomyopathy.
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
A heart attack occurs due to dilated cardiomyopathy. After a heart attack, the blood supply to the lining of the heart muscle is reduced. Because of this, they die and the heart does not work properly and cannot pump properly and the heart becomes enlarged.
- Another reason for having dilated cardiomyopathy is drinking alcohol, if you drink alcohol daily, then the heart does not know how to pump properly.
- Dilated cardiomyopathy also has a genetic cause.
In Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, an abnormal layer builds up on the heart muscle and its width also increases. Mainly this disease is genetic.
Symptoms
Difficulty in breathing while walking, shortness of breath, pain in breathing.
Treatment
Some medicines are given for treatment, which can reduce shortness of breath.
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), this type of machine is also installed in the heart, due to which the heart pumps blood properly.
There is a risk of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To stop it, a machine-like thing comes which is called ICD.
Valvular heart disease
Damage occurs in any of the four valves of the heart (valves help the blood to flow in the same direction in the heart), damage means that the size of any valve decreases or leakage occurs due to damage in it.
Cause
The most important reason for this is an infection in the heart valve. And it happens in children of 5 to 15 years but it takes time to see its effect and sometimes it takes 20 to 25 years, often it can take 30 to 40 years to detect this disease. And the most common thing in this disease is to have a small valve.
Infections can be of many types, bacterial infection, fungal infection can also damage the valve and lead to leakage.
There is also a genetic reason.
Symptoms
Due to the narrowing of the valves, there is difficulty in breathing, the heart beats fast.
Treatment
The main treatment is to increase the size of the small valve with a balloon-like device. If this does not work, then heart surgery is also done and the valve is surgically replaced.
Angina
The heart works to pump blood in the body. There are three routes to supply blood to the heart.
If a blockage occurs in these routes, then the heart does not work properly. When there is stress on the heart and the heart does not get enough oxygen, then there is pain in the heart, this pain is called angina pain.
But Chest pain can be due to many reasons
Acidity, pain in the muscles of the heart, pressure on the heart. When this pain is due to reduced blood supply to the heart, it is called angina pain.
Symptoms
There is a pain in the middle of the chest. Some have more pain on the left side.
One can feel this pain till the jaws, it can go to the stomach. This pain occurs while walking and this pain subsides after taking rest.
As the disease progresses, this pain is felt while resting or doing small tasks.
Treatment
If you are feeling these symptoms, then meet the doctor, and the doctor will do some examination of them. For example, BCG, and sonography of the heart, if needed, tests are also done by running on a treadmill.
If any problem is found in this, then it is advised to get angiography.
Together blood test is done in which sugar level is checked, and cholesterol level is also checked.
And if it is found in angiography and other tests that there is a blockage in the veins of the heart, then further treatment is done accordingly.
Heart-related diseases can be prevented to a great extent only with a little information about them, prevention, and prevention. That’s why to be alert, and healthy.
